Title:An Exploratory Ablation of a Small MLA--SSM Hybrid Language Model

Abstract:We report an exploratory, single-seed ablation of TALH (Adaptive Latent Hybrid), a decoder-only language model with parallel Multi-head Latent Attention (MLA) and a custom recurrent state-space (SSM) branch. Five variants, spanning 117--217M estimated active parameters per token, are trained from scratch on a FineWeb sample for the same number of optimisation steps and tokens. In this specific setup, removing the SSM branch gives the largest degradation in validation perplexity (MLA-only PPL 315), whereas removing MLA has a much smaller effect (SSM-only PPL 239). A dense-FFN hybrid obtains PPL 231, compared with 240 for the tested top-2 ternary-MoE hybrid, while using 3.87 GB less peak training memory. We also preserve a preliminary Apple M3 timing observation: among the five unoptimised implementations, MLA-only has the flattest measured time-to-first-token curve from 512 to 2,048 prompt tokens, although the dense Transformer is much faster in absolute terms. Because the runs are single-seed, parameter counts are unmatched, the evaluation stream may overlap the training source, and raw repeated timing records are unavailable, these results support implementation-specific hypotheses rather than general conclusions about MLA, SSMs, or mixture-of-experts models.

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