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Forecast Workflow Bench: Evaluating Language-Model Decisions with Budgeted Forecast Tools

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Computer Science > Machine Learning

arXiv:2609.27385 (cs)
[Submitted on 23 Sep 2026]

Title:Forecast Workflow Bench: Evaluating Language-Model Decisions with Budgeted Forecast Tools

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Abstract:Time-series foundation models (TSFMs) provide forecasts for operational decisions, but accuracy alone does not determine their value. Evaluating agents that use these models requires measuring decision quality and forecast cost. FWBench evaluates this capability on 1,251 electricity and cycle-hire cases using fixed forecast tools and simulated capacity contracts. Agents select models, histories and horizons, then submit capacities to minimize a stated loss-cost objective. We evaluated two hosted and eight local configurations, including small language models, and tested local models with and without TSFMs. GPT-6 Astra bought inexpensive short-horizon forecasts selectively, using 2.5% of the budget, and outperformed fixed policies when the saved decisions were scored with three loss-cost weightings. FWBench enables reproducible evaluation of how language models select and use time-series forecasts to make decisions under cost constraints.
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
Cite as: arXiv:2609.27385 [cs.LG]
  (or arXiv:2609.27385v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.27385
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Shunya Nagashima [view email]
[v1] Wed, 23 Sep 2026 05:35:40 UTC (114 KB)
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