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Hilbert Operator for Progressive Encoding (HOPE): A Mathematical Framework for Deconstructing Learned Representations in Deep Networks

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Computer Science > Machine Learning

arXiv:2607.21366 (cs)
[Submitted on 23 Jul 2026]

Title:Hilbert Operator for Progressive Encoding (HOPE): A Mathematical Framework for Deconstructing Learned Representations in Deep Networks

View a PDF of the paper titled Hilbert Operator for Progressive Encoding (HOPE): A Mathematical Framework for Deconstructing Learned Representations in Deep Networks, by Hossein Mobahi and 1 other authors
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Abstract:Deep neural networks encode complex representations, but deconstructing this internal knowledge remains a challenge. Given the link between learning and compression, network compression offers a promising lens to analyze this knowledge. However, standard compression heuristics often suffer from scale symmetries and architectural biases. To resolve these, we introduce Hilbert Operator for Progressive Encoding (HOPE), a mathematical framework to gradually deconstruct the representations in trained network weights.
HOPE shifts network compression from the discrete domain into a Hilbert space of continuous functions. By modeling individual neurons as rank-1 Hilbert-Schmidt operators, HOPE unifies pruning and neuron merging as low-rank subspace projection. Extending this formulation, HOPE introduces macro block eviction to encompass multi-layer structures like entire residual pathways under the same unified metric. This unified approach enables unbiased architectural decisions across layers with different types and sizes. HOPE is a data-free and hyperparameter-free framework. We present proof-of-concept experiments in model compression and fine-tuning to highlight the practical potential of our theory.
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (stat.ML)
Cite as: arXiv:2607.21366 [cs.LG]
  (or arXiv:2607.21366v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2607.21366
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Hossein Mobahi [view email]
[v1] Thu, 23 Jul 2026 14:31:16 UTC (365 KB)
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