arXiv — Machine Learning · · 3 min read

PokaiTrainer: Scaling Belief-State Search to Competitive Pok\'emon VGC

Mirrored from arXiv — Machine Learning for archival readability. Support the source by reading on the original site.

Computer Science > Machine Learning

arXiv:2608.29197 (cs)
[Submitted on 29 Aug 2026]

Title:PokaiTrainer: Scaling Belief-State Search to Competitive Pokémon VGC

Authors:Max Yu
View a PDF of the paper titled PokaiTrainer: Scaling Belief-State Search to Competitive Pok\'emon VGC, by Max Yu
View PDF HTML (experimental)
Abstract:Decision-time equilibrium search carried poker to superhuman play, but it has so far relied on tractable subgames: a handful of actions per decision, chance confined to card deals, one player moving at a time. Competitive Pokémon in its official doubles format (VGC) breaks all three assumptions at once. Both players act simultaneously from joint menus in the hundreds, each joint action resolves to hundreds of stochastic outcomes, and the opponent's reserves and stat allocations are hidden. We set out to build a strong VGC agent and report what that took. PokaiEngine, our Rust battle engine, enumerates a joint action's full weighted outcome distribution in one pass, at ${\sim}99\%$ parity with Pokémon Showdown and a fraction of the cost of sampling it. On top of the engine, PokaiTrainer adapts Student of Games to this scale, solving every decision as a Bayesian matrix game over public belief states and growing subgames under an explicit compute budget. On the live Showdown best-of-three ladder, the agent wins 59% of 150 sets against a human field averaging ${\sim}1320$ Elo. It settles into a 1350-1400 Elo band, and at its peak briefly entered the format's top 500.
Comments: 22 pages, 4 figures, 8 tables
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
Cite as: arXiv:2608.29197 [cs.LG]
  (or arXiv:2608.29197v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.29197
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Max Yu [view email]
[v1] Sat, 29 Aug 2026 11:11:47 UTC (84 KB)
Full-text links:

Access Paper:

Current browse context:

cs.LG
< prev   |   next >
Change to browse by:

References & Citations

Loading...

BibTeX formatted citation

loading...
Data provided by:

Bookmark

BibSonomy Reddit
Bibliographic Tools

Bibliographic and Citation Tools

Bibliographic Explorer Toggle
Bibliographic Explorer (What is the Explorer?)
Connected Papers Toggle
Connected Papers (What is Connected Papers?)
Litmaps Toggle
Litmaps (What is Litmaps?)
scite.ai Toggle
scite Smart Citations (What are Smart Citations?)
Code, Data, Media

Code, Data and Media Associated with this Article

alphaXiv Toggle
alphaXiv (What is alphaXiv?)
Links to Code Toggle
CatalyzeX Code Finder for Papers (What is CatalyzeX?)
DagsHub Toggle
DagsHub (What is DagsHub?)
GotitPub Toggle
Gotit.pub (What is GotitPub?)
Huggingface Toggle
Hugging Face (What is Huggingface?)
ScienceCast Toggle
ScienceCast (What is ScienceCast?)
Demos

Demos

Replicate Toggle
Replicate (What is Replicate?)
Spaces Toggle
Hugging Face Spaces (What is Spaces?)
Spaces Toggle
TXYZ.AI (What is TXYZ.AI?)
Related Papers

Recommenders and Search Tools

Link to Influence Flower
Influence Flower (What are Influence Flowers?)
Core recommender toggle
CORE Recommender (What is CORE?)
IArxiv recommender toggle
IArxiv Recommender (What is IArxiv?)
About arXivLabs

arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators

arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website.

Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them.

Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.

Discussion (0)

Sign in to join the discussion. Free account, 30 seconds — email code or GitHub.

Sign in →

No comments yet. Sign in and be the first to say something.

More from arXiv — Machine Learning