arXiv — NLP / Computation & Language · · 3 min read

Training-Free Token-Level Steering for LLM Personalized Co-Writing

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Computer Science > Computation and Language

arXiv:2608.06069 (cs)
[Submitted on 6 Aug 2026]

Title:Training-Free Token-Level Steering for LLM Personalized Co-Writing

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Abstract:While Large Language Models (LLMs) show great promise for personalization, they often lack specialized domain knowledge. Conventional solutions like fine-tuning struggle with high computational costs and rapid data updates, while Retrieval-Augmented Generation fails to provide fine-grained, token-level steering. Furthermore, chat-based interfaces remain dominant, whereas productive co-writing paradigms have not yet been well exploited beyond the coding domain. To this end, we introduce SteerWrite, a training-free framework designed for personalized co-writing. Our method effectively adapts the base model to specialized domains without gradient updates, with specific designs tailored to small datasets. Experiments demonstrate that SteerWrite achieves state-of-the-art performance across diverse datasets, metrics, and models, significantly reducing human editing effort.
Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
Cite as: arXiv:2608.06069 [cs.CL]
  (or arXiv:2608.06069v1 [cs.CL] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.06069
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Wenhao Mao [view email]
[v1] Thu, 6 Aug 2026 14:13:02 UTC (453 KB)
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