arXiv — Machine Learning · · 3 min read

Temporal Recurrence Favors Fewer Layers

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Computer Science > Machine Learning

arXiv:2609.12531 (cs)
[Submitted on 11 Sep 2026]

Title:Temporal Recurrence Favors Fewer Layers

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Abstract:In streaming tasks, recurrent models can carry latent computation across time, allowing each update to build on representations produced earlier. This raises a basic question: once temporal recurrence provides sequential computation across steps, how much depth is still needed within each step? Prior work has shown that recurrence can make shallow models competitive. We instead study this question as a compute-allocation problem, varying within-step depth, expert width, and the number of parallel experts per layer across several compute budgets. For each budget, we compare the best observed recurrent and non-recurrent allocations and the performance they achieve under approximately matched per-step computation. Across Sokoban and autoregressive FineWeb language modeling, we find that temporal recurrence shifts the best observed compute allocation toward substantially fewer layers, with comparable or better performance.
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Cite as: arXiv:2609.12531 [cs.LG]
  (or arXiv:2609.12531v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.12531
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Ivan Anokhin [view email]
[v1] Fri, 11 Sep 2026 07:39:46 UTC (599 KB)
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