arXiv — Machine Learning · · 3 min read

When Determinants Are Not Enough: Private Rare Switching

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Computer Science > Machine Learning

arXiv:2605.23131 (cs)
[Submitted on 22 May 2026]

Title:When Determinants Are Not Enough: Private Rare Switching

Authors:Xingyu Zhou
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Abstract:In this note, I would like to share a small research moment where Codex helped me find the right way to adapt rare switching to the private setting. The standard determinant-based update rule in linear bandits and RL works beautifully because the design matrix grows monotonically. But once Gaussian noise is added for privacy, this monotonicity can fail, and the usual analysis no longer goes through. The key reason is that determinant growth controls volume, while regret analysis needs control of the worst direction. To address this, Codex comes up with a different rare-switching rule based on the generalized Rayleigh quotient, which restores logarithmic policy updates and the desired confidence-width comparison up to a constant factor. I present my manually clean-up version of the proof here as well as some personal reflection on this example.
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Cite as: arXiv:2605.23131 [cs.LG]
  (or arXiv:2605.23131v1 [cs.LG] for this version)
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2605.23131
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite (pending registration)

Submission history

From: Xingyu Zhou [view email]
[v1] Fri, 22 May 2026 01:09:14 UTC (34 KB)
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