SpeakPay: Domain-Adaptive LoRA Fine-Tuning of Whisper for Low-Resource Nepali Financial Speech Recognition
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Computer Science > Computation and Language
arXiv:2609.01737 (cs)
[Submitted on 1 Sep 2026]
Title:SpeakPay: Domain-Adaptive LoRA Fine-Tuning of Whisper for Low-Resource Nepali Financial Speech Recognition
Authors:Biraj Subedi
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Abstract:Mobile payment applications in Nepal are graphically mediated and largely inaccessible to visually impaired users. This paper presents SpeakPay, a voice-first digital wallet, and documents the central technical contribution: a controlled study of domain adaptation for low-resource financial speech recognition. We introduce NepFinSpeech-403, a 403-utterance dataset of Nepali financial voice commands (send, load, and balance operations spanning 237 unique numerals), and fine-tune Whisper large-v2 with LoRA. On the held-out test set, the domain-adapted model reduces Word Error Rate from 129.95% (zero-shot baseline) to 42.58% --- a 67.2% relative reduction --- and improves Devanagari numeral recognition accuracy from 0.0% to 73.9%. We find that word-level metrics understate the practical task-level impact: domain adaptation improves the Transaction Success Rate from 1.67% to 33.33%, a roughly 20x gain. The improvement is consistent at the individual-utterance level (sign test, $p < 10^{-17}$) and across all command types. A data efficiency analysis shows that as few as 100 domain-specific utterances are sufficient to halve the zero-shot WER, with performance plateauing around 300 examples. Error analysis reveals systematic numeral confusion patterns (zero insertion/deletion, prefix hallucination) that account for the majority of remaining transaction failures. The trained system is deployed as a publicly accessible voice-first web application. All code, dataset, model weights, and this paper are released at this https URL.
| Comments: | 12 pages, 2 figures. Code, dataset, and model weights: this https URL |
| Subjects: | Computation and Language (cs.CL) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2609.01737 [cs.CL] |
| (or arXiv:2609.01737v1 [cs.CL] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2609.01737
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
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