NLP-Driven Knowledge Extraction and Thematic Classification of Translated Ancient Indian Medical Texts
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Computer Science > Computation and Language
arXiv:2608.28608 (cs)
[Submitted on 8 Jul 2026]
Title:NLP-Driven Knowledge Extraction and Thematic Classification of Translated Ancient Indian Medical Texts
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Abstract:Ancient Indian medical texts like Sushruta Samhita have extensive information on diseases, treatments, and surgical techniques. Yet, their ancient format and use of intricate vocabulary pose difficulties in accessibility and systematic ordering. The research here utilizes Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods like Named Entity Recognition (NER), BERTopic modeling, and Knowledge Graph development in Neo4j to extract, categorize, and visualize important concepts based on translated versions. Thematic classification with BERTopic allows for the identification of the underlying medical topics, whereas NER supports the structured entity recognition of diseases, treatments, researchers, and medicinal plants. Graphbased network analysis with Neo4j also allows for the semantic representation of relationship among extracted entities, supporting knowledge retrieval and digital preservation. The findings illustrate how graph databases, topic modeling, and entity recognition facilitate the computational organization of Ayurveda's historical medical wisdom, closing the gap between the conventional texts and contemporary data-driven inquiry. The suggested method promotes historical text analysis, medical informatics, and digital humanities to make ancient Indian medical wisdom more accessible and understandable.
| Comments: | 19 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Presented at the National Conference on "Reimagining LIS Education: Integrating Indian Knowledge Systems with NEP 2020" (March 2025), organized by Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS) and the Indian Association of Teachers of Library and Information Science (IATLIS). Recipient of the Best Paper Award |
| Subjects: | Computation and Language (cs.CL); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Information Retrieval (cs.IR) |
| ACM classes: | I.2.7; H.3.3 |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2608.28608 [cs.CL] |
| (or arXiv:2608.28608v1 [cs.CL] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.28608
arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
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| Journal reference: | In Proc. TISS-IATLIS National Conference 2025: Reimagining LIS Education: Integrating Indian Knowledge Systems with NEP 2020, Vol. 1, p. 351, 2025 |
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